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All of GEM’s products are freely available for public good, non-commercial use, but they may have different license restrictions. Open and free distribution of data, models, and tools remains at the core of GEM’s work, further enhancing their availability and accessibility.
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Available Seismic Hazard and Risk Models and Datasets
The gallery or list will show the region, country, or territory that currently has GEM seismic hazard and exposure models based on your search input.
By selecting a region in the global map below, a table will appear to quickly take you to the available resources in that region. You can also use the Search box to look up any specific region, country or territory.
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Product | Short Description | License | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
Active Faults Database | A repository with global homogenised characteristics of active faults | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Dataset |
Africa Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in Africa | CC BY-SA 4.0/CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Alaska Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Alaska | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Model |
Arabia Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for the Arabian Peninsula | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Model |
Atlas - Global Seismic Hazard Curves | A dynamic web portal and API featuring instant display and download of hazard curves worldwide | Custom license | Dataset |
Australia Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Australia | CC BY 4.0 | Model |
Canada Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Canada | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Caribbean & Central America Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in the Caribbean and Central America | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Caribbean & Central America Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for the Caribbean & Central America | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Model |
Central Asia Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in Central Asia | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Central Asia Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Central Asia | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Model |
China Financial Loss Model | Country model to assess potential financial losses to commercial, industrial and residential buildings due to earthquakes | Custom license | Model |
China Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for China | Custom license | Model |
Colombia Financial Loss Model | Country model to assess potential financial losses to commercial, industrial and residential buildings due to earthquakes | Custom license | Model |
Conterminous US Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for conterminous territories of the United States (including California) | Custom license | Model |
Country-Territory Seismic Risk Profiles | A collection of seismic risk profiles, summarizing key metrics of risk for most countries/territories in the world at a glance | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Dataset |
Dominican Republic Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for the Dominican Republic | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Model |
Earthquake Scenario Database | A collection of earthquake footprints and consequences from past events | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Dataset |
East Asia Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in East Asia | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Europe Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in Europe | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Europe Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Europe | CC BY 4.0 | Model |
Global Exposure Model | Comprehensive datasets of the residential, commercial and industrial building stock worldwide | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Global Seismic Hazard Map | Openly accessible global datasets and plots for peak ground acceleration with a return period of 475 years on rock | CC BY-SA 4.0/CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Map |
Global Seismic Risk Map | A milestone in global earthquake risk assessment | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Map |
Global Vulnerability Model | Sets of functions to assess the consequences of earthquakes on the built environment of the world | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Hawaii Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Hawaii | Custom license | Model |
India and surroundings Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for India and surrounding territories | AGPL v3.0 | Model |
Indonesia Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Indonesia | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Japan Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Japan | Custom license | Model |
Mexico Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Mexico | Custom license | Model |
Middle East Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in Middle East | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Middle East Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for the Middle East | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Model |
New Zealand Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for New Zealand | As original | Model |
North America Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in North America | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
North Asia Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in North Asia | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
North and South Korea Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for the Korean Peninsula | Custom license | Model |
Northeast Asia Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Northeast Asia | Custom license | Model |
Northern Africa Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Northern Africa | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Northwest Asia Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Northwest Asia | Custom license | Model |
Oceania Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in Oceania | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
OpenQuake Engine | State-of-the-art, open-source software collaboratively developed for earthquake hazard and risk modelling | AGPL v3.0 | Software |
OpenQuake QGIS Plugin | Plugin to drive and visualize OpenQuake engine results in QGIS | AGPL v3.0 | Software |
Pacific Islands Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for the Pacific Islands | Custom license | Model |
Papua New Guinea Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Papua New Guinea | CC BY 4.0 | Model |
Philippine Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for the Philippines | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
South Africa Financial Loss Model | Country model to assess potential financial losses to commercial, industrial and residential buildings due to earthquakes | Custom license | Model |
South Africa Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for South Africa | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Model |
South America Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in South America | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
South America Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for South America | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
South Asia Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in South Asia | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Southeast Asia Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in Southeast Asia | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Southeast Asia Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Southeast Asia | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Model |
Sub-Saharan Africa Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Sub-Saharan Africa | CC BY-SA 4.0/CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Taiwan Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Taiwan | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Model |
Western Africa Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Western Africa | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Dataset
Active Faults Database
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The GEM Foundation's Global Active Faults is building a comprehensive, global dataset of active fault traces of seismogenic concern. This repository comprises GIS files of fault traces and small amount of relevant attributes or metadata (fault geometry, kinematics, slip rate, etc.) useful for seismic hazard modeling and other tectonic applications. The dataset is being assembled primarily as a part of GEM's global Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Modeling efforts, although we hope that the data find wide use in research, education and general interest among many users.
The dataset currently covers most of the deforming continental regions on earth with the exceptions of the Malay Archipelago, Madagascar, Canada, and a few other regions.
Model
Africa Exposure
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0/CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost.
The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock.
The Africa region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories:
Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina_Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape_Verde, Central_African_Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial_Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea_Bissau, Ivory_Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao_Tome_and_Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra_Leone, Somalia, South_Africa, South_Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Model
Alaska Hazard
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The 2007.0.0 seismic hazard model for Alaska (USA) was developed by the United States Geological Survey (Wesson et al., 2007). The model covers the state of Alaska including the Aleutian Islands. The model has been translated from its original format into the OpenQuake (OQ) engine by GEM.
Since the original version, an update was made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2007.1.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. This model incorporates the GMPEs recommended by Mueller et al. (2015) for Alaska.
Model
Arabia Hazard
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The 2018.0.0 seismic hazard model of the Arabian Peninsula (ARB) was developed by the Saudi Geological Survey (SGS). The model covers Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, and Qatar, but does not include sources that originate in the Zagros region of western Iran. The model has been translated into the OpenQuake (OQ) engine format by GEM.
Since the original version, several significant updates have been made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2018.2.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. Differences in the versions can be consulted in the model documentation.
Dataset
Atlas - Global Seismic Hazard Curves
License type:
Custom license
Atlas is a dynamic web portal and API, allowing subscribers to view the different layers of the Global Seismic Hazard Map in a GIS style mapviewer featuring instant display and download of hazard curves for the selected sites.
This is a subscription service which provides clients with a pay-as-you-go alternative to licensing the GSHM data layers directly. Subscriptions permitting access to the Atlas are available today; please contact GEM Products for details. Resellers, brokers and other organizations wishing to integrate the API into their workflows should contact GEM Products to discuss the terms of possible collaboration.
Model
Australia Hazard
License type:
CC BY 4.0
The Global Hazard Mosaic coverage of the Australian continent uses the 2018 model of Geoscience Australia (Allen et al., 2018a and Allen et al., 2018b), with input from greater seismology community in Australia, as an update to the 2012 national model. The model was originally implemented in the OpenQuake (OQ) engine format, and only the computed sites grid was modified by the GEM Secretariat.
Model
Canada Hazard
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Canada's 5th Generation Seismic Hazard Model (Halchuk et al., 2015), produced by Natural Resources Canada (NRC) in order to develop the 2015 National Building Code of Canada. The model was originally developed for GSCFRISK software, and was subsequently converted into the OpenQuake engine format by NRC. Small, additional adjustments were made by the GEM Secretariat in order to fit the mosaic criteria, see model documentation for further information.
Original model input files are available at: http://earthquakescanada.nrcan.gc.ca/hazard-alea/interpolat/index-en.php
Model
Caribbean & Central America Exposure
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost.
The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock.
The Caribbean and Central America region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories:
Anguilla, Antigua_and_Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British_Virgin_Islands, Cayman_Islands, Costa_Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican_Republic, El_Salvador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto_Rico, Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis, Saint_Lucia, Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines, Trinidad_and_Tobago, Turks_and_Caicos_Islands, US_Virgin_Islands
Model
Caribbean & Central America Hazard
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The original model covering the Central America and the Caribbean region (v2018.0.0) was initially developed in the framework of the CCARA project, a GEM collaboration project funded by USAID. Cuba and Puerto Rico were included a posteriori by the GEM hazard team. During the CCARA project and after it, some local organizations and experts were involved and this models benefits of it: University of Costa Rica, Costa Rica - Costa Rican Institute of Electricity, Costa Rica - Nicaraguan Institute of Territorial Studies, Nicaragua - Catholic University of El Salvador, El Salvador - Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, El Salvador - Panama University, Panama, Puerto Rico Seismic Network, Puerto Rico, National Center for Seismological Research, Cuba. The model was built as a combination of a shallow model, where active faults and distributed seismicity sources were integrated, and a subduction model, divided into its main components (i.e. interface and in-slab). The interface seismicity was modelled using complex faults, while for the in-slab region, the typology of source preferred was the non-parametric source.
Since the original version, several significant updates have been made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2019.1.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. Differences in the versions can be consulted in the model documentation.
Model
Central Asia Exposure
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost.
The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock.
The Central Asia region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories:
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
Model
Central Asia Hazard
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The Global Hazard Mosaic coverage of Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan) comes from the Earthquake Model Central Asia (EMCA; Ullah et al., 2013 and www.emca-gem.org), a Global Earthquake Model regional program coordinated by the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ). The model was originally developed for the OpenQuake (OQ) engine.
Model
China Financial Loss Model
License type:
Custom license
The China financial loss model has been developed by GEM using public sources of information, such as past seismicity, and geodetic and geologic data for the hazard component, combined with exposure and vulnerability data. The hazard component incorporates both faults and area sources. Earthquake occurrence rates on active faults are based on a new tectonic block model derived from the joint inversion of geodetic and geologic data. The model provides estimates of financial risk to residential, commercial and industrial buildings using GEM’s vulnerability models appropriate to Chinese construction practice. GEM has also developed an exposure model that can be used to estimate total losses to the building stock in addition to portfolio losses. Further technical information can be found in the documentation.
GEM extensively collaborated with its private and public partners to test and validate the model against industry standards in order to produce a new model that represents GEM’s view of risk. The model is available in Oasis and Touchstone formats, as well as through the NASDAQ platform.
Dataset
Active Faults Database
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The GEM Foundation's Global Active Faults is building a comprehensive, global dataset of active fault traces of seismogenic concern. This repository comprises GIS files of fault traces and small amount of relevant attributes or metadata (fault geometry, kinematics, slip rate, etc.) useful for seismic hazard modeling and other tectonic applications. The dataset is being assembled primarily as a part of GEM's global Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Modeling efforts, although we hope that the data find wide use in research, education and general interest among many users.
The dataset currently covers most of the deforming continental regions on earth with the exceptions of the Malay Archipelago, Madagascar, Canada, and a few other regions.
Model
Africa Exposure
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0/CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost.
The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock.
The Africa region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories:
Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina_Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape_Verde, Central_African_Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial_Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea_Bissau, Ivory_Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao_Tome_and_Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra_Leone, Somalia, South_Africa, South_Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Model
Alaska Hazard
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The 2007.0.0 seismic hazard model for Alaska (USA) was developed by the United States Geological Survey (Wesson et al., 2007). The model covers the state of Alaska including the Aleutian Islands. The model has been translated from its original format into the OpenQuake (OQ) engine by GEM.
Since the original version, an update was made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2007.1.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. This model incorporates the GMPEs recommended by Mueller et al. (2015) for Alaska.
Model
Arabia Hazard
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The 2018.0.0 seismic hazard model of the Arabian Peninsula (ARB) was developed by the Saudi Geological Survey (SGS). The model covers Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, and Qatar, but does not include sources that originate in the Zagros region of western Iran. The model has been translated into the OpenQuake (OQ) engine format by GEM.
Since the original version, several significant updates have been made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2018.2.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. Differences in the versions can be consulted in the model documentation.
Dataset
Atlas - Global Seismic Hazard Curves
License type:
Custom license
Atlas is a dynamic web portal and API, allowing subscribers to view the different layers of the Global Seismic Hazard Map in a GIS style mapviewer featuring instant display and download of hazard curves for the selected sites.
This is a subscription service which provides clients with a pay-as-you-go alternative to licensing the GSHM data layers directly. Subscriptions permitting access to the Atlas are available today; please contact GEM Products for details. Resellers, brokers and other organizations wishing to integrate the API into their workflows should contact GEM Products to discuss the terms of possible collaboration.
Model
Australia Hazard
License type:
CC BY 4.0
The Global Hazard Mosaic coverage of the Australian continent uses the 2018 model of Geoscience Australia (Allen et al., 2018a and Allen et al., 2018b), with input from greater seismology community in Australia, as an update to the 2012 national model. The model was originally implemented in the OpenQuake (OQ) engine format, and only the computed sites grid was modified by the GEM Secretariat.
Model
Canada Hazard
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Canada's 5th Generation Seismic Hazard Model (Halchuk et al., 2015), produced by Natural Resources Canada (NRC) in order to develop the 2015 National Building Code of Canada. The model was originally developed for GSCFRISK software, and was subsequently converted into the OpenQuake engine format by NRC. Small, additional adjustments were made by the GEM Secretariat in order to fit the mosaic criteria, see model documentation for further information.
Original model input files are available at: http://earthquakescanada.nrcan.gc.ca/hazard-alea/interpolat/index-en.php
Model
Caribbean & Central America Exposure
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost.
The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock.
The Caribbean and Central America region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories:
Anguilla, Antigua_and_Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British_Virgin_Islands, Cayman_Islands, Costa_Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican_Republic, El_Salvador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto_Rico, Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis, Saint_Lucia, Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines, Trinidad_and_Tobago, Turks_and_Caicos_Islands, US_Virgin_Islands
Model
Caribbean & Central America Hazard
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The original model covering the Central America and the Caribbean region (v2018.0.0) was initially developed in the framework of the CCARA project, a GEM collaboration project funded by USAID. Cuba and Puerto Rico were included a posteriori by the GEM hazard team. During the CCARA project and after it, some local organizations and experts were involved and this models benefits of it: University of Costa Rica, Costa Rica - Costa Rican Institute of Electricity, Costa Rica - Nicaraguan Institute of Territorial Studies, Nicaragua - Catholic University of El Salvador, El Salvador - Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, El Salvador - Panama University, Panama, Puerto Rico Seismic Network, Puerto Rico, National Center for Seismological Research, Cuba. The model was built as a combination of a shallow model, where active faults and distributed seismicity sources were integrated, and a subduction model, divided into its main components (i.e. interface and in-slab). The interface seismicity was modelled using complex faults, while for the in-slab region, the typology of source preferred was the non-parametric source.
Since the original version, several significant updates have been made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2019.1.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. Differences in the versions can be consulted in the model documentation.
Model
Central Asia Exposure
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost.
The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock.
The Central Asia region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories:
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
Model
Central Asia Hazard
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The Global Hazard Mosaic coverage of Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan) comes from the Earthquake Model Central Asia (EMCA; Ullah et al., 2013 and www.emca-gem.org), a Global Earthquake Model regional program coordinated by the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ). The model was originally developed for the OpenQuake (OQ) engine.
Model
China Financial Loss Model
License type:
Custom license
The China financial loss model has been developed by GEM using public sources of information, such as past seismicity, and geodetic and geologic data for the hazard component, combined with exposure and vulnerability data. The hazard component incorporates both faults and area sources. Earthquake occurrence rates on active faults are based on a new tectonic block model derived from the joint inversion of geodetic and geologic data. The model provides estimates of financial risk to residential, commercial and industrial buildings using GEM’s vulnerability models appropriate to Chinese construction practice. GEM has also developed an exposure model that can be used to estimate total losses to the building stock in addition to portfolio losses. Further technical information can be found in the documentation.
GEM extensively collaborated with its private and public partners to test and validate the model against industry standards in order to produce a new model that represents GEM’s view of risk. The model is available in Oasis and Touchstone formats, as well as through the NASDAQ platform.
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